Psykiske og sociale bivirkninger

Psykiske og sociale bivirkninger

Beaver, K. M.: "Anabolic-androgenic steroid use and involvement in violent behavior in a nationally representative sample of young adult males in the United States", American Journal of Public Health, 2008 Dec;98(12):2185-7

Brower, K. J. et al: "Symptoms and correlates of anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence", British Journal of Addiction, 1991, 86(6), 759-768

Johansson, P. et al: "The effect on opioid peptides in the rat brain, after chronic treatment with the anabolic androgenic steroid, nandrolone deconate", Brain Reasearch Bulletin, 2000 51(5), 413-418

Kanayama, G. et al.: "Features of men with anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence: A comparison with nondependent AAS users and with AAS nonusers", Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2009 Jun 1;102(1-3):130-7

Kanayama, G. et al: "Long-term psychiatric and medical consequences of anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse: a looming public health concern?, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2008 Nov 1;98(1-2):1-12 

Kanayama, G. et al: "Body image and attitudes toward male roles in anabolic-androgenic steroid users", American Journal of Psychiatry, 2006, 163(4), 697-703

Kokkevi, A. et al: "Daily Exercise and Anabolic Steroids Use in Adolescents: A Cross-National European Study", Substance Use & Misuse, 2008 Aug 27:1

Klötz, F et al: "Violent crime and substance abuse: a medico-legal comparison between deceased users of anabolic androgenic steroids and abuseres of illicit drugs", Forensic Sciences International, 2007 Nov 15;173(1):57-63. Epub 2007 Mar 2.

Lundholm, L. et al: "Use of anabolic androgenic steroids in substance abusers arrested for crime", Drug and alcohol dependence 2010 Jun 3

Midgley, S. J. et al: "Levels of aggression among a group of anabolic-androgenic steroid users", Medicine, Science, and the Law, 2001 Oct;41(4):309-14

Pope, H.G et al: “Effects of supraphysiologic doses of testosterone on mood and aggression in normal men: a randomized controlled trial”, Archives of general Psychiatry, 2000 Feb;57(2):133-40; discussion 155-6

Pope, H. G et al: 'Psychiatric and medical effects of anabolic-androgenic steroid use – a controlled study of 160 athletes', Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1994 51:375-382

Pope, H. G et al: 'Homicide and near-homicide by anabolic steroid users', Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, USA, 1990 Jan;51(1):28-31

Skårberg, K. et al: "Multisubstance Use as a Feature of Addiction to Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids", European Addiction Research 2009;15:99-106

Skårberg, K et al: "The development of multiple drug use among anabolic-androgenic steroid users: six subjective case reports", Substance Abuse, Treatment, Prevention Policy, 2008 Nov 28;3(1):24

Skårberg K. et al: "Troubled social background of male anabolic-androgenic steroid abusers in treatment", Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 2007; 2: 20

Steenslad, P. et al: "Amphetamine-induced aggression is enhanced in rats pre-treated with the anabolic androgenic steroid nandrolone decanoate", Steroids 2005 Mar;70(3):199-204 

Steensland, P. et al: "Anabolic androgenic steroid affects social aggression and fear-related behaviors in male pair-housed rats", Hormones and behaviour 2005 Aug;48(2):216-24

Su, T.P et al:”Neuropsychiatric effects of anabolic steroids in male normal volunteers”, The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1993 Jun 2;269(21):2760-4

Wood R. I: 'Anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence? Insights from animals and humans', Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2008 Oct;29(4):490-506. Epub 2008 Jan 3

Wood RI:'Anabolic steroids: a fatal attraction?', Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA, 2006 8(3):227-8

 

Megareksi

Cole, J. C. et al: "A preliminary investigation into the relationship between anabolic-androgenic steroid use and the symptoms of reverse anorexia in both current and ex-users", Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2003, 166(4), 424-429

Goldfield, G. S. et al: "Body image, binge eating, and bulimia nervosa in male bodybuilders", Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 2006, 51(3), 160-168

McCreary, D. R. et al: "An exploration of the drive for muscularity in adolescent boys and girls", Journal of American College Health. 2000 May;48(6):297-304

Olivardia, Roberto, Ph.D. et al: "Muscle Dysmorphia in Male Weightlifters: A Case-Control Study", The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157:1291-1296, August 2000

Rohman, L.: "The relationship between anabolic androgenic steroids and muscle dysmorphia: a review", Eating Disorders 2009 May-Jun;17(3):187-99